Pbod System

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure includes several pioneering discoveries. Including, a complete dose ( 10 ) of gas ( 60 ) formed essentially by motive gas ( 65 ). Dose ( 10 ) having the form of a plurality of bubbles ( 75 ). Also, a pbod ejected from any selected initial velocity. Also, a succession of identical bubbles formed essentially by a motive gas. Pbod systems transport a dose of liquid and a dose of gas to a target via pbod ( 70 ). Pbod systems may provide a solution to many various problems in many various technologies.

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present pioneering discovery resides in pbod systems. A pbodconsists essentially of: a dose of liquid having the form of one ball;and a dose of gas having the form of a plurality of balls (bubbles); andthe ball of liquid encloses the balls of gas; and the pbod is assembledon demand.

Portions of the present description are previously disclosed in COFFELT,JR. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/827,901 filed 19 Apr. 2004(19.04.04).

Pbod systems are capable of providing a solution to numerous problems.Obviously, there are many pertinent problems in many varioustechnologies, which are incorporated herein by reference. The pbod maybe used in any of these pertinent arts. The following are examples ofthese pertinent arts and problems.

The art of forming pendant drops is well known. And further, there aremany arts, which utilize the pendant drop, or droplet. For example, fuelinjection, surgery, chemical/biological arts, or eye drops, includingmany others. And within these arts, a typical range of quantities is inthe microliter range. For example, an over-the-counter pendant eye dropis between 15 to 30 microliters. It is also well known, an optimalquantity of liquid for opthalmic medicament applications is in the 5 to7 microliter range. For example, TIMOLOL (Bausch & Lomb, Rochester,N.Y., U.S.). And in light of the high cost of opthalmic medicament, a 3microliter dose is most likely highly desirable. The prior art clearlyshows the art of forming one pendant drop on demand is not capable ofreliably attaining these small microliter quantities.

It is also well known, an additional problem has existed for many yearsin the prior eye drop systems. Specifically, the requirement of tiltingthe head back to instill an eye drop. One method, which attempts tosolve this problem is dispensing the medicament in a spray (plurality ofdroplets). However, these jet systems are clearly subject toinaccuracies, recalibration, and failures due to the presence of complexmoving parts and substantial frictional forces.

Additional prior methods attempt to solve this problem (tilted head).For example, in Basilice, et al U.S. Pat. No. 5,848,999 Dispensing eyedrops is disclosed. The methods of Basilice attempt to solve thisproblem by utilizing an apparatus designed to dispense the eye drop onthe lower eye-lid. However, this method includes an abnormaldisplacement of the lower eye-lid. Therefore, the systems of Basiliceare clearly not optimal.

Examples of complex dispensing apparatus include, Cohen et al U.S. Pat.No. RE 38,007 discloses a microdispensing opthalmic pump. The systems ofCohen inescapably dispense a plurality of droplets. The systems in Cohenare required to contain several complex moving parts. Where this complexprior system includes springs, balls, moving pistons, and check valves.Therefore, the systems of Cohen are subject to failure, error, repair,or recalibration due to the inescapable inherent frictional forcespresent in the system.

Further example of complex prior systems include Ershow et al U.S. Pat.No. 5,756,050 discloses a device for dispensing microdoses(microdrops/drops). For example, BIOMEK.RTM.1000 (BECKMAN) AutomatedLaboratory Workstation for dispensing cell lines and bacteria.

Further attempts to solve these pertinent problems are disclosed inCoffelt, Jr. U.S. Pat. No. 6,206,297 gasdrop and apparatus formanufacturing gasdrop. The accuracy of dosages in the gasdrop, in themicroliter range, is unknown.

Excessive fuel emissions is also a well known problem. The emissions ofcombustion engines clearly must be reduced to a minimum. And it isobvious, if the same quantity of power can be produced from less fuel,the emissions will most likely be less.

Pbod systems is a pioneering technology. This technology is disclosed inCoffelt, Jr. International Publication No. WO 02/43845, published underthe Patent Cooperation Treaty 6 Jun. 2002, Dual microliter dosagesystem. In WO 02/43845, the terms “dosdrop” and “microdose” refer to thearticle of manufacture in the present specification. And in thecorresponding U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/296,487, filed 22 Nov.2002, the term “dosdrop” is changed to “pbod” or “hbod”. This namechange does not alter the structure disclosed in WO 02/43845. Thischange merely changes the name associated with the structure.

To make clear, the presently disclosed novel pbod systems manufacturethe structure disclosed in WO 02/43845. For example, a “pbod” is a“dosdrop”; and a “pbod” is a “microdose” where each of these terms referto the same structure. And the objective of these changes in name is toattain the most suitable name for this pioneering article ofmanufacture.

The term “pbod” refers to “plural body on demand”. A pbod consistsessentially of: a dose of liquid having the form of one first ball; anda dose of gas having the form of a plurality of balls (bubbles); and theball of liquid encloses the balls of gas; and the pbod is assembled ondemand. And the pbod is ejected from the system on demand.

The prior pbod systems in WO 02/43845 utilize distinct discrete complexmetering apparatus, first, to inject a dose of liquid into the flowchannel; and second, insert a syringe needle into the dose of liquid;and third, inject a dose of gas into the liquid via the needle. The doseof gas is formed by inserting the needle into the liquid; and displacingthe plunger of the syringe.

Subsequently, a motive gas ejects this dose of liquid and dose of gashaving the form of one pbod. Where this motive gas may form a portion ofthe dose of gas. However the prior art motive gas does NOT form thecomplete dose of gas. The prior art does not contemplate any method oror apparatus to attain the results of the present invention.

Problems in these prior art pbod systems include the requirement ofcomplex metering apparatus. Which inherently creates a relatively highprobability for error and reduced reliability. It is well known, systemswith moving parts are subject to error and failure due to frictionalforces. And therefore, these complex pbod systems are subject torecalibration or repair. Further, the cost of manufacturing these priorpbod systems is relatively excessive.

Additional problems in the prior pbod systems include the problemsassociated with dispensing small microliter bubbles into a liquid. Forexample, experiments show, under normal conditions of the systems in WO02/43845, the probability of ejecting a limited plurality of 0.07microliter bubbles on demand from a syringe needle is very near zero.Therefore, this problem imposes quantitive limitations on the prior artpbod systems.

Additional problems in this prior art pbod system include, the system isnot optimal to be used in a doctor-patient environment. And further,this prior art pbod system is not optimal for a person to self-instill apbod to the eye. For example, a pbod dispensed on the eye for drynessrelief.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

In light of all of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art pbodsystems, and the numerous well known problems and failed attempts in allpertinent technologies, there is clearly a need for a simple inexpensivesystem, which will reliably dispense optimal doses of liquid on demandto a target. For example, it is well known, there are numerous attemptsover a period of many years, which have failed to dispense smallmicroliter doses in a unitary body. For example, the pendant drop.

Therefore, the present pioneering discovery will be greatly appreciatedfor providing simple, reliable pbod systems, which transport a unitarybody of liquid and gas to a target. Where optimal accurate doses ofliquid and gas are attainable. Further, provide a pbod system which iscapable of allowing the doses to vary over a range of quantities IFdesired. Further, provide a pbod system capable of being adapted to beused, for example, in a doctor-patient or self-instill environment; andpossibly chemical/biological environment, for example, pipette systems;fuel injection environment, including many other technologies, whichrely on this type of fluid and/or gas transportation. The presentpioneering discovery will be greatly appreciated for providing reliablepbod systems, which may provide a solution to problems in many varioustechnologies.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present pioneering discovery resides in pbod systems. A pbodconsists essentially of: a dose of liquid having the form of one firstball; and a dose of gas having the form of a plurality of balls(bubbles); and the ball of liquid encloses the balls of gas; and thesecomponents of the pbod are assembled on demand. For example, first, theball of liquid is disjointed from the gas; and second, the ball ofliquid encloses the gas.

A novel pbod system resides in a pbod system where a complete dose ofgas is formed essentially by a motive gas. Where this motive gas is thesole source of this complete dose of gas. And this dose of gas issubsequently the complete dose of gas in one pbod.

The present disclosure includes a second discovery. Where this seconddiscovery is summarized as a pbod capable of being dispensed from anyindiscriminate selected initial velocity. For example, a pbod having aninitial velocity, which is either vertical, horizontal, or any otherselected orientation.

The present disclosure includes a third discovery. This third discoveryis summarized as a succession of identical bubbles formed essentially bya motive gas. Where the spacing of these bubbles appears to be nearlyidentical. Further, the diameter of these identical bubbles is inverselyproportional to the flow speed. For example, a greater flow speed formssmaller bubbles. (i.e. 0.003 cm or 0.03 cm dia.)

The present disclosure includes a fourth discovery. This fourthdiscovery is summarized as a pbod system, which utilizes inherentresidual liquid in a discharge tube. This system ejects a pbod from thedischarge tube; and a dose of liquid inherently remains in the dischargetube; and this residual liquid inherently forms a plurality oftransverse walls; and this residual liquid is used in conjunction withan additional dose of liquid to form a subsequent pbod. For example, a 3ul dose of liquid is added to 1 ul residual liquid to form a 3 ul pbod.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING

The present invention is further described by reference to the appendeddrawings taken in conjunction with the following description whereinidentical or corresponding parts are identified by the same referencecharacter throughout the several views of the drawing where:

FIG. 1 is a right side perspective sectional view of a pbod dispenser,including: a flexible bottle (40); a dispensing tip (100A); a liquid(50); gas (60); and a pbod (70).

FIG. 2 is a right side sectional view of pbod dispensing tip (100A); andbottle (40).

FIG. 3 is a top view of pbod dispensing tip (100A).

FIG. 4 is a right side view of structure (22).

FIG. 5 is a right side sectional view of pbod dispensing tip (100A); andthe axis of tube (27) is horizontal.

FIG. 6 is a right side sectional view of pbod dispensing tip (100A); andtip (100A) contains a dose (77) of liquid (50).

FIG. 7 is a right side sectional view of pbod dispensing tip (100A); andtip (100A) contains the dose (77); and dose (77) encloses a dose (10) ofgas (60); and dose (10) having the form of a plurality of balls(bubbles).

FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of a prototype R22; and a succession ofidentical bubbles (204).

FIG. 9 is a front view of a prototype R11; and a pbod (70).

NOTE: the diameter of pbod dispensing tip (100A) is exagerated in FIG. 1and FIG. 2 to show detail.

NOTE: FIG. 1 does not show resin (5) for clarity; and FIG. 1 does notshow resin (1) for clarity.

NOTE: FIG. 2 does not show portions of cap (45) for clarity; and doesnot show portions of cap (41) for clarity.

NOTE: FIG. 5 does not show portions of tube (43) for clarity; and asingle line is utilized to represent tube (43).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present pioneering discovery resides in pbod systems. Including, apbod system where a complete dose of gas is formed essentially by amotive gas. Where this dose of gas is the complete dose of gas in onepbod.

The pbod is referred to as a “microdose” in the InternationalApplication published under the Patent Cooperation Treaty under No. WO02/43845, 6 Jun. 2002 (06.06.02), Dual Microliter Dosage System.

The structure of the microdose in WO 02/43845 is the same structuredisclosed in the present specification. Where this structure ispresently identified by the term “pbod”. The name is changed to attainthe most suitable name for this pioneering article of manufacture.

A pbod consists essentially of: a dose of liquid having the form of onefirst ball; and a dose of gas having the form of a plurality of balls(bubbles); and the ball of liquid encloses the balls of gas; and thesecomponents of the pbod are assembled on demand. For example, first, theliquid is disjointed from the gas, and second, the ball of liquidencloses the balls of gas. The pbod is subsequently ejected from thesystem.

Each dose, liquid, gas, motive gas, and additional pertinent parametersmust be capable to assemble a pbod on demand. If a pbod is formed, itcan be concluded, all pertinent parameters are capable to form one pbod.

A pbod exists in two states. First, a non-discrete pbod attached to asurface. Second, a discrete pbod.

Objectives of the present invention include, provide a pbod system wherea complete dose of gas is formed essentially by a motive gas. Further,provide a pbod system, which is simple, relatively inexpensive, andsubstantially more reliable over the prior art. Further, provide a pbodsystem capable of attaining optimal dosages. i.e. opthalmic,fuel-injection, including many others. Further, provide a pbod system,which is not subject to substantial frictional forces, recalibration, ormechanical failure due to frictional forces. i.e. moving pistons.

A second discovery includes a pbod capable of being dispensed from anyindiscriminate selected initial velocity. For example, a pbod having aninitial velocity, which is either vertical, horizontal, or any otherselected orientation.

A third discovery includes a succession of identical bubbles formedessentially by a motive gas. Where the spacing of these bubbles appearsto be nearly identical. Further, the diameter of these identical bubblesis inversely proportional to the flow speed. For example, a greater flowspeed forms smaller bubbles. For example, a flow speed of [x] formsbubbles of 0.03 cm diameter; and a flow speed of [y] forms bubbles of0.003 cm diameter; where [y] is greater than [x].

A fourth discovery includes a pbod system, which utilizes inherentresidual liquid in a discharge tube. First, this pbod system ejects apbod from the discharge tube; and second, a dose of liquid inherentlyremains in the discharge tube; and third, this residual liquidinherently forms a plurality of transverse walls; and this residualliquid is used in conjunction with an additional dose of liquid to forma subsequent pbod. For example, a 3 ul dose of liquid is added to 1 ulresidual liquid to form a 3 ul pbod.

Meaning of TERMS: The present specification contains well knownstructures having axis of symmetry. Where these structures have alongitudinal axis of symmetry, and a transverse axis of symmetry.

For example, in a cylindrical shaped tube, the transverse axis ofsymmetry coincides with a diameter of the tube. And the longitudinalaxis of symmetry is a line perpendicular to the diameter andintersecting the mid-point of the diameter.

The following embodiments are described with reference to thelongitudinal axis of symmetry. For example, in FIG. 2 the longitudinalaxis of symmetry of tube (27) is vertical.

The term “axis” as used hereinafter means: “the longitudinal axis ofsymmetry”.

The term “transverse” as used hereinafter means: “a directionperpendicular to the longitudinal axis of symmetry”. For example, inFIG. 2, a transverse direction is disposed in a horizontal planerelative to the axis of tube (27). Units of MEASURE: milligrams=mg;microliters=ul centimeters=cm; millimeters mm; milliliters=ml grams=g;cubic centimeters=cc

The present invention is hereinafter described with reference to theappended drawings where identical or corresponding parts are identifiedby the same reference character throughout the several views of thedrawing.

The following is a description of general embodiments. And more specificembodiments of the appended figures are provided by the followingprototypes.

FIG. 1 is a right side perspective sectional view of a pbod dispensingtip (100A). Dispensing tip (100A) is symmetrical, therefore, the leftside perspective sectional view is a mirror image of FIG. 1.

The lower end of tip (100A) is a cylindrical shaped tube (27). Tube (27)having a flat annular outlet (25).

A conical shaped tube (28) is rigidly attached to the upper end of tube(27). The upper end of tube (28) is monolithic with a transverse discshaped wall. This disc shaped wall having a centrally located opening(35). For example, tube (28), the disc shaped wall, and opening (35) canbe a standard VISINE dispensing tip. i.e. over-the-counter eye drops.

FIG. 2 shows tube (27) is attached to tube (28) by an annular epoxyresin (4). Resin (4) forms a leak-tight seal at this point ofattachment.

FIG. 1 shows the inner diameter surface of tube (27) and the innerdiameter surface of tube (28) forms a continuous flow channel. The axisof tube (27) is co-axial with the axis of tube (28).

There are clearly standard methods to form tube (27) and tube (28) as aunitary body. Therefore, the lower end of tip (100A) does not show thejoints and resin (4) in FIG. 1.

A cylindrical shaped tube (29) is rigidly attached to the upper end oftube (28). This attachment is formed by annular epoxy resin (4). Anannular leak-tight seal is formed at this point of attachment. Tube (29)is co-axial with tube (28).

The lower end of tube (29) is co-planar with the upper end of tube (28).

A cylindrical shaped tube (11) is rigidly attached to the upper end oftube (29). The upper flat annular surface 5 of tube (11) is co-planarwith the upper flat annular surface of tube (29). Tube (11) is attachedto tube (29) by annular epoxy resin (2). The boundaries of resin (2) arelimited to the lower flat annular surface of tube (11). The boundariesof resin (2) are also limited to the outer surface of tube (29).

FIG. 2 shows a structure (22) is rigidly attached to the upper end oftube (29). This attachment is formed by epoxy resin (1). Resin (1) islocated at two places, one at the lower left side of structure (22), andone at the lower right side of structure (22) (FIG. 2). The boundariesof resin (1) are limited to the outer surface of structure (22). Theboundaries of resin (1) are also limited to the width of structure (22)indicated by the dimension “N”. The boundaries of resin (1) are alsolimited to the upper flat surface of tube (11), and the upper flatsurface of tube (29).

Structure (22) is formed of two flat rectangular converging walls. FIG.2 and FIG. 4 show structure (22) having an inverted V shape.

FIG. 3 is a top view of dispensing tip (10A). FIG. 3 does not show resin(1) for clarity. FIG. 3 shows structure (22) is centrally located ontube (11). And the width of structure (22) is indicated by dimension“N”.

FIG. 4 is a right side view of structure (22). The height of structure(22) is indicated by dimension “V”. And the distance between the lowerend of the walls is indicated by dimension “Y”.

A tube (43) is rigidly attached to the lower portion of tube (27), asshown in FIG. 2. This attachment is formed by an annular epoxy resin(5). Resin (5) provides a leak-tight seal. Outlet (25) is located nearthe mid-point of the axial length of tube (43). Tube (43) is co-axialwith tube (27).

Tube (43) is rigidly attached to a bottle (40) as shown in FIG. 2. Thisattachment is formed by an annular epoxy resin (6). Resin (6) forms aleak-tight seal.

The lower end of tube (43) includes a removeable cap (45), and aremoveable seal (44). There are clearly many standard methods to form acap and seal. For example, the cap and tip on a standard VISINE bottle(eye drop bottle). Bottle (40) also includes a removeable cap (41), anda removeable seal (42).

FIG. 2 shows bottle (40) contains an appropriate quantity of liquid(50). Where the appropriate quantity of liquid (50) can be determinedaccording to the objectives set forth in the following experiments.

FIG. 1 depicts a general embodiment of a pbod dispenser. For example, apbod dispenser used to self-instill a pbod on the eye.

FIG. 1 shows point S is on the left side vertical wall of bottle (40).And point T is on the right side vertical wall of bottle (40). Wherethese points S and point T are the typical points used to dispense a 30ul pendant drop from a standard VISINE eye drop bottle.

Prototype R29 is similar to FIG. 1. Prototype R29 utilizes a VISINEbottle (40). Where points S and point T are on the vertical side wallsof the VISINE bottle (40); and the axis of tube (27) is vertical.

TO make clear: for prototype R29: the applied collapsing force (atpoints S and T) is horizontal; and the axis of tube (27) is vertical.

For prototype R29: dispensing tip (100A) is located near the neck of theVISINE bottle. Where an objective of this location is to avoid damage tothe dispensing tip (100A) during collapsing of the bottle walls.

FIG. 1 shows an appropriate quantity of liquid (50) located in the lowerportion of bottle (40). Where the appropriate quantity of liquid (50)can be determined according to the objectives set forth in the followingexperiments. For example, bottle (40) is rotated such that structure(22) is immersed in liquid (50); and bottle (40) is rotated such thatstructure (22) is surrounded by gas (60).

FIG. 1 shows a complete pbod dispensing apparatus. FIG. 1 shows adynamic state. The pbod dispensing apparatus has ejected a pbod (70).Pbod (70) consists essentially of: a dose (77) of liquid (50) having theform of one first ball; and a dose (10) of gas (60) having the form of aplurality of bubbles (75); and dose (77) encloses dose (10); and dose(77) and dose (10) are assembled on demand.

This pbod dispensing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 forms a motive gas (65).Where this motive gas (65) is the sole source of the dose (10). Dose(10) is formed essentially by motive gas (65). For example, a syringeneedle does not exist in this novel pbod system.

Pbod (70) contains three bubbles (75). Where this quantity of threebubbles (75) is within the capabilities of the present specification.And these three bubbles (75) form the complete dose (10). For example,dose (10) is 1 ul of gas (60); therefore, the first bubble (75) contains0.3 ul of gas (60); and the second bubble (75) contains 0.3 ul of gas(60); and the third bubble (75) contains 0.3 ul of gas (60); and each ofthese three bubbles (75) is formed by motive gas (65). The motive gas(65) forms the three bubbles (75). And these three bubbles (75) form thecomplete dose (10) of pbod (70).

Methods to form pbod (70) are provided in the following experiments.

FIG. 8 shows a front sectional view of a prototype R22. Prototype R22 isformed of a VISINE bottle (200); and a VISINE dispensing tip (201); anda tube (202).

VISINE tip (201) is located at the typical location on the bottle, whichdispenses a 30 ul pendant drop. The VISINE tip (201)is not altered. TheVISINE bottle (200) is not altered.

The upper end of tube (202) is cut to fit into the inner diameter of tip(201). Where these cuts form an inverted conical shape at the upper endof tube (202). Tube (202) is fitted to tip (201) such that a leak-tightseal is formed.

Prototype R22 is utilized to form a succession of identical bubbles(204). FIG. 8 shows succession (204) is formed of eight bubbles; andeach of these bubbles have identical diameters. For example, for abubble diameter of 0.007 cm, the variance of the diameter is estimatedto be within approximately plus or minus 0.002 cm.

FIG. 8 shows a dynamic state. And also shows a selected quantity ofliquid (207) disposed in prototype R22. The upper end of liquid (207) isindicated by the arcuate line at point (211). The concise steps, whichform the configuration shown in FIG. 8 are set forth in the followingexperiment E. FIG. 8 does not show the inherent phenomenon, which causesthe succession of identical bubbles (204) to be formed.

FIG. 8 shows the succession of identical bubbles (204) is located nearthe axis of tube (202). And liquid (207) encloses bubbles (204).

Prototype R22 is described further in the following table.

FIG. 9 shows a front view of a prototype R11. One of the objectives ofprototype R11 is to show a very reliable pbod system. For example,prototype R11 dispenses more than three hundred consecutive pbods; andeach pbod contains 7 ul of liquid; and there is no overspray for anytrial. Where prototype R11 utilizes inherent residual liquid located inthe discharge tube.

FIG. 9 shows the upper end of prototype R11 is a flexible VISINE bottle(300). Where this VISINE bottle does not contain a dispensing tip. Theupper end of a tube (301) is rigidly attached to the lower end of theneck of the VISINE bottle (300). Tube (301) is co-axial with the neck ofthe VISINE bottle. This attachment is formed by an annular epoxy resin(311). Resin (311) forms an annular leak-tight seal.

The upper end of a tube (302) is inserted approximately 0.5 cm into thelower end of tube (301). The lower end of tube (301) is indicated byreference numeral (310).

Prototype R11 is utilized to dispense a pbod (70). The scale of FIG. 9is not suitable to show the interior structure of pbod (70); andtherefore, a dot is utilized to show pbod (70).

Prototype R11 is described further in the following table. A concisemethod of utilizing prototype R11 is provided in the followingExperiment Q.

The following prototypes are particular embodiments of the appendedfigures of the drawing. Where the present description of these figures,and the following description in the prototype table define thestructure of the prototype. Each prototype table contains a list of thepertinent figures of the drawing. For example, in prototype tablePROTOTYPE R29, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 define the configuration ofprototype R29, and the present description of these figures define theconfiguration of prototype R29, and the corresponding parts of prototypeR29 are further defined in the prototype table PROTOTYPE R29, andprototype R29 is similar to FIG. 1.

All prototypes presented herein are made by the present Inventor. Allprototypes are made by hand. Also, only one prototype of each model No.exists. For example, only one prototype R29 exists.

All cuts in all prototypes are made with a STANLEY knife (pencil stylehandle) with blade model No. 11-411 UPC No. 076174114119.

The cuts are made according to the following steps:

First, placing one sheet of paper (20 lb) on a rigid solid horizontalwooden table;

second, placing the part on the sheet of paper;

third, placing the cutting edge of the blade on the surface of the part;and the cutting edge of the blade resides approximately horizontal; andthe cutting edge of the blade remains approximately horizontalthroughout the entire cut;

fourth, slowly increasing the force on the handle in one verticaldirection until cutting begins; and maintaining an approximate constantspeed throughout the entire cut; and

maintaining only one vertical direction of cutting throughout the entirecut.

NOTE: each entire surface is cut with only one continuous motion. Forexample, while cutting a 0.5 cm diameter tube, the blade traverses avertical distance of 0.5 cm in one continuous motion.

The parts of prototype R29 are assembled according to the followingsteps, including:

First, cutting all parts to the desired dimension;

second, inserting a smooth solid copper wire into the outlet end of tube(27), such that the end of the wire extends approximately 0.8 cm beyondthe upper end of tube (27); and the OD of the wire matches the ID oftube (27) to a slip-fit (i.e. the OD of the wire is approximately 0.02cm less than the ID of tube (27);

third, placing tube (28) on the upper end of tube (27) such that thewire maintains tube (28) co-axial with tube (27);

fourth, applying the lower portion of annular resin (4) as shown in FIG.2, and allow to dry for 5 hours;

fifth, placing tube (29) on tube (28) as shown in FIG. 2; and applyingannular resin (4) and allow to dry for 5 hours;

sixth, placing tube (11) on the upper end of tube (29) as shown in FIG.2; and applying resin (2) as shown in FIG. 2;

seventh, placing structure (22) on the upper end of tube (29) andapplying resin (1) as shown in FIG. 2;

eighth, while holding only tube (27), removing the copper wire from tube(27) (objective is to not break seal of resin (4));

ninth, attaching tube (27) to tube (43) with resin (5) as shown in FIG.2, and allow to dry for 5 hours;

tenth, attaching tube (43) to bottle (40) as shown in FIG. 2; and allowto dry for 8 hours; and the axis of tube (27) is perpendicular andco-planar with the axis of the neck of the VISINE bottle (40); anddispensing tip (100A) is located near the neck of the VISINE bottle(40).

The parts of prototype R29 are placed by hand at the desired location;and the epoxy resin is applied; and the location of the part is adjustedas necessary using a narrow steel rod and magnifying glass(approximately 3 times power). The dimensions of the prototype arechecked after drying.

For prototype R29: structure (22) is formed from one flat sheet of PVC;and first, cut to the desired width; and second, bend to two flatparallel walls; and third, cut to the desired height; and fourth,separate the two walls to the desired dimension Y.

The present figures of the drawing depict the configuration of thepresent prototypes. These figures are an approximate scaled version ofthe actual prototype. Therefore, IF necessary, these figures of thedrawing can be utilized to determine the location of a part. Also, partsof the prototypes may be not shown for clarity.

Obviously, the appended figures of the drawing do not show the inherentresults of the above-described method of forming the present prototypes.For example, resultant surface roughness of a cut surface, edgesharpness of a cut surface, or very small gaps between surfaces (i.e.approximately 0.002 cm, or approximately 0.01 cm). All inherentfeatures, which result from the method of making the present prototypesdescribed herein (made by hand) form a part of the present disclosure.PROTOTYPE R29 Prototype R29 is previously described and shown in FIG. 2,FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and similar to FIG. 1; and further described as follows:PART No. DESCRIPTION (22) converging rectangular flat walls; inverted Vshape; transparent PVC; dimension N = 0.13 cm; dimension V = 0.23 cm;dimension Y = 0.10 cm; 0.025 cm thick; from the bubble wrap packagingfrom JB WELD (JB WELD COMPANY) UPC: 043425826558 (11) tube; and each endis flat; material: TEFLON; 0.317 cm OD; 0.165 cm ID; 0.13 cm axiallength; (SPECTRUM CHROMATOGRAPHY) (29) tube; and each end is flat;material: TEFLON; 0.158 cm OD; 0.078 cm ID; 0.69 cm axial length;(SPECTRUM CHROMATOGRAPHY) (28) dispensing tip from VISINE; 0.16 cm upperend OD; 0.08 cm lower end ID; 0.35 cm axial length; opening (35) is 0.02cm diameter; from lot No. 0103611/expire OCTOBER 2005; material isunknown/ similar to polyethelene (PFIZER, INC.); 0.04 cm upper end IDUPC: 074300008035 (27) tube; and each end is flat; material: TEFLON;0.158 cm OD; 0.078 cm ID; 0.64 cm axial length; (SPECTRUMCHROMATOGRAPHY) (1)(2)(4) JB WELD (JB WELD COMPANY) UPC: 043425826558(5)(6) (40) VISINE bottle; 15 ml (PFIZER, INC.) (41) VISINE cap; from 15ml VISINE bottle(PFIZER, INC) (43) neck of VISINE bottle; 15 ml;approximately 0.9 cm ID; 1.3 cm axial length; tube shape (42) VISINEdispensing tip (PFIZER, INC.) (44) annular seal; from portion of VISINEdispensing tip; 1.0 cm OD; 0.9 cm ID; and 0.2 cm length (PFIZER, INC.)(45) VISINE cap; from 15 ml VISINE bottle(PFIZER, INC)NOTE:resin (1) is 0.1 cm wide; 0.13 length; 0.08 cm height; and is located attwo places; and the 0.13 cm length of resin (1) coincides with thedimension N of structure (22).

PROTOTYPE R22 Prototype R22 is previously described and shown in FIG. 8;and further described as follows: PART No. DESCRIPTION (200) VISINEbottle; empty; 30 ml (PFIZER, INC.) (201) VISINE dispensing tip (PFIZER,INC.) (202) tube; and each end is flat; 0.317 cm OD; 0.078 cm ID; 6.5 cmlength; polyethelene; translucent; the upper end of tube (202) is cut toaccomodate the lower end ID of tip (201) such that a leak-tight seal isformed

PROTOTYPE R11 Prototype R11 is previously described and shown is FIG. 9;and further described as follows: PART No. DESCRIPTION (300) VISINEbottle only(no tip); 30 ml (PFIZER, INC) (302) tube; and each end isflat; 0.18 cm OD; 0.08 cm ID; 3.0 cm length; the upper end OD of tube(302) is cut such that tube (302) can be inserted into tube (301); andsuch that a leak- tight seal is formed; polyethelene (301) tube; andeach end is flat; 0.28 cm OD; 0.13 cm ID; 2.0 cm length; polyethelene(311) JB WELD (JB WELD COMPANY) UPC: 043425826558

The following table is a list of the experiments, the prototype utilizedin the experiment, and a summary of an objective of the experiment:SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTS EXPERIMENT X: prototype R29; measure diameter ofliquid on test paper. EXPERIMENT U: prototype R29; other person executesExperiment X EXPERIMENT M: prototype R29; measure mass of pbodEXPERIMENT Q: prototype R11; form pbod utilizing residual liquid; andobserve diameter of discrete pbod i.e. FIG. 9 EXPERIMENT E: prototypeR22; form succession of identical bubbles EXPERIMENT V: prototype R29;eject a pbod having a vertical initial velocity i.e. a directionopposite to a gravity vector EXPERIMENT H: prototype R29; eject a pbodhaving a horizontal initial velocity EXPERIMENT L: prototype R29; ejecta pbod having a 45 degree initial velocity; and a 135 degree initialvelocityExperiment X is executed according to the following steps [Xa.] to [Xg.]as follows:[Xa.] Holding bottle (40) in one hand at points S and point T with thethumb and forefinger such that structure (22) is immersed in liquid (50)(i.e. FIG. 1 rotated 90 degrees); and also such that outlet (25) isclearly observable;[Xb.] observing bottle (40) to confirm structure (22) is immersed inliquid (50);[Xc.] slowly collapsing bottle (40) at points S and point T with thethumb and forefinger approximately 0.5 cm such that liquid (50) isvisible at outlet (25); and the end of liquid (50) is located at or nearthe outlet (25) as shown in FIG. 5 (i.e. 0.05 cm is near the outlet; and0.07 cm beyond the outlet is near the outlet); an objective of this stepincludes to confirm that tip (100A) contains liquid (50);[Xd.] slowly removing the collapsing force at points S and point T; andsimultaneously maintain enough compressive force to hold the bottle; andsimultaneously rotating bottle (40) to a dispensing position shown inFIG. 6 and FIG. 1 such that gas (60) surrounds structure (22); itrequires about 1 to 2 seconds to remove the collapsing force; and do notremove the collapsing force rapidly (i.e. within 30 ms is rapidly);[Xe.] waiting approximately 1 to 2 seconds; and do not wait more thanapproximately 5 seconds to execute step [Xf.];[Xf.] collapsing bottle (40) at points S and point T with the thumb andforefinger at approximately 0.5 cm per second, or approximately 0.4 cmper second (i.e. 0.5 cm/1 second, or 0.4 cm/1 second); and dispensing apbod on the test paper;NOTE: outlet (25) is disposed approximately 9 cm above the test paperfor all trials in Experiment X;[Xg.] placing bottle (40) at a typical rest position for the VISINEbottle (i.e. the axis of tube (27) is horizontal); and measuring theouter diameter of the liquid on the test paper; and recording data. Endof EXPERIMENT X.EXPERIMENT V is executed according to the following steps [Va.] to [Vc.]as follows:[Va.] Holding bottle (40) at points S and point T, and rotating bottle(40) such that structure (22) is immersed in liquid (50) (i.e. FIG. 1rotated 90 degrees);[Vb.] rotating bottle (40) to an inverted position of FIG. 1 (i.e. theinitial velocity of the pbod is in the opposite direction of a gravityvector);[Vc.] collapsing bottle (40) at points S and point T with the thumb andforefinger at approximately 0.5 cm per second, or approximately 0.4 cmper second; and observing results; and recording results. End ofEXPERIMENT V.EXPERIMENT H is executed according to the following steps [Ha.] to [Hc.]as follows:[Ha.] Holding bottle (40) at points S and point T, and rotating bottle(40) such that structure (22) is immersed in liquid (50) (i.e. FIG. 1rotated 90 degrees);[Hb.] rotating bottle (40) such that the axis of tube (27) is horizontaland structure (22) is surrounded by gas (60);[Hc.] collapsing bottle (40) at points S and point T with the thumb andforefinger at approximately 0.5 cm per second, or approximately 0.4 cmper second; and observing results; and recording data. End of EXPERIMENTH.EXPERIMENT L is executed according to the following steps [La.] to [Lc.]as follows:[La.] Holding bottle (40) at points S and point T such that the axis oftube (27) is vertical and liquid (50) is disposed at the lower portionof bottle (40) as shown in FIG. 1; and subsequently rotating bottle (40)such that structure (22) is immersed in liquid (50) (i.e. FIG. 1 rotated90 degrees);[Lb.] rotating bottle (40) to 45 degrees from the position of FIG. 1(i.e. the initial velocity of the pbod is 45 degrees from a gravityvector);[Lc.] collapsing bottle (40) at points S and point T with the thumb andforefinger at approximately 0.5 cm per second, or approximately 0.4 cmper second; and observing results; and recording data. End of EXPERIMENTL.EXPERIMENT U is executed according to the following steps [Ua.] to [Ud.]as follows:[Ua.] Notifying another person the following steps are an experiment;[Ub.] the present Inventor giving verbal and visual instructions to thisother person; where these instructions are to execute Experiment Xaccording to the steps [Xa.] to [Xg.] set forth herein;[Uc.] Inventor observing this other person execute steps [Xa.] to step[Xg.];[Ud.] Inventor observing, recording, and measuring the results of thetrial. End of EXPERIMENT U.EXPERIMENT E is executed according to the following steps [Ea.] to [Ef.]as follows:[Ea.] Removing tip (201) from bottle (200) (do not remove tube (202)from tip (201));[Eb.] injecting approximately 20 to 60 ul of liquid (207) in dispensingtip (201) such that the upper surface (211) is approximately 0.2 cmabove opening (35);[Ec.] replacing tip (201) on bottle (200);[Ed.] rotating bottle (200) such that the axis of tube (202) isgenerally vertical as shown in FIG. 8;[Ee.] collapsing bottle (200) at points S and point T at an approximateconstant speed of 0.1 cm per second, or 0.4 cm per second (collapse withthumb and forefinger);[Ef.] observing the upper end of tube (202). End of EXPERIMENT E.EXPERIMENT Q is executed according to the following steps [Qa.] to [Qe.]as follows:[Qa.] Removing tube (302) from tube (301);[Qb.] injecting 6.7 ul of liquid into the lower end (310) of tube (301)using metered syringe (1 cc/29 guage needle);[Qc.] replacing tube (302) into tube (301); and tube (302) extendsapproximately 0.5 cm into tube (301); and maintain an appropriatecompressive force at points S and point T such that the dose of liquidremains in a static state (no motion); and the dose of liquid is locatedat the lower end of tube (301);[Qd.] rotating bottle (300) such that the axis of tube (302) isgenerally vertical as shown in FIG. 9;[Qe.] collapsing bottle (300) at points S and point T with the thumb andforefinger at approximate constant speed of approximately 0.1 cm persecond to approximately 0.3 cm per second, and a total distance ofapproximately 0.5 cm; and observing the discrete pbod (i.e. pbod (70) inFIG. 9).NOTE: The residual liquid in tube (302) is not removed; and the residualliquid in tube (301) is not removed. Tube (301) and tube (302) containresidual liquid at the end of step [Qe.].NOTE: An additional step [Qf.] is added for trials Nos. 12 to 39. Thisstep [Qf.] is as follows:[Qf.] removing tube (302) from tube (301); and placing tube (302) on ahorizontal surface; and measuring the location and width of the residualliquid in tube (302).End of EXPERIMENT Q.EXPERIMENT M is executed according to the following steps [Ma.] to [Mc.]as follows:[Ma.] Placing one sheet of test paper on scale;[Mb.] closing all sides of breeze break; and set zero function;[Mc.] dispensing pbod onto test paper according to steps in ExperimentX; and recording electronic display of the mass.

End of EXPERIMENT M. TABLE X R29 L Experiment X prototype R29 Liquid(50) = REFRESH LIQUIGEL (lot No. 30469) (ALLERGAN, INC.) (expire: Mar06) TRIAL O D (in) 19 July 2004 (19.07.04)  1 0.170-7:07 am  2 0.180 air 3 0.170 27.5 C.  4 0.170  5 0.170  6 0.170  7 0.160  8 0.170-7:13 am  91x 0.170  10 0.170  11 0.150  12 0.170  13 0.170  14 0.160  15 0.180  160.170-7:19 am  17 0.180  18 0.180  19 0.180  20 0.180  21 0.180  220.190  23 0.170  24 0.170  25 0.160  26 0.180  27 0.170  28 0.160  290.160  30 0.180  31 0.170  32 0.170  33 0.170  34 0.160  35 0.170  360.180  37 0.160  38 0.160  39 0.160  40 0.170  41 0.180  42 0.160  430.160  44 0.160  45 0.170  46 0.150  47 0.180  48 0.170  49 0.150  500.170  51 0.180  52 1x 0.150  53 0.150  54 0.180  55 0.170  56 0.170  570.180  58 0.170  59 0.150  60 0.180  61 0.160  62 0.160  63 0.160  640.170  65 0.170  66 0.170  67 0.170  68 1x 0.160  69 0.170  70 0.160  710.160-7:59 am  72 0.180  73 0.170  74 0.170  75 0.170  76 0.150  770.170  78 0.170-8:05 am  79 0.170  80 2x 0.180  81 0.180  82 0.150  830.150  84 0.160  85 0.160 8:11 am-  86 0.180  87 0.180  88 0.170  890.180  90 0.170  91 0.160  92 0.180  93 0.170  94 0.170  95 0.160  960.150  97 0.170 air  98 0.170 28.0 C.  99 0.170 8:22 am- 100 0.180 19July 101 0.190 2004 102 0.180 103 0.180 104 0.180 105 0.170 106 0.180107 0.180 108 1x 0.170 109 0.180 110 0.180 111 0.180 112 0.170 113 0.180114 0.170 115 0.180 116 0.170 117 0.170 118 0.180 119 2x 0.180 120 0.170NOTE: Approximately 5 trials per 100 trials do not appear to have anybubbles; the bubbles may be small and not observable, or the bubblesburst prior to observing on test paper. All pbods in these trials forthis Experiment X contain approximately 3 to 5 bubbles having a diameterof approximately 0.02 cm diameter, except as noted above. 121 0.170 1220.170 123 0.170 124 0.170 125 0.170 126 0.160 127 0.160 128 0.150 1290.170 130 0.180-5:10 pm 131 0.170 air 132 0.160 29.0 C. 133 0.160 1340.170 135 0.180 136 0.180 137 0.180 138 0.170 139 0.180 140 0.170 1410.180 142 1x 0.160 143 0.190 144 0.180 145 1x 0.180 146 1x 0.180 1470.180 148 0.180 149 0.180 150 0.180-5:24 pm 151 0.170 152 0.170 1530.190 154 0.160 155 0.170 156 0.170 157 0.170 158 0.180 159 0.180 1600.170-5:32 pm 161 0.180 162 0.170 163 0.190 164 0.170 165 0.160 1660.160 167 0.180 168 0.170 169 0.170 170 0.180-5:39 pm 171 0.190 1720.160 173 0.180 174 0.160 175 0.150 176 0.180 177 0.180 178 0.180 1790.180 180 0.180 181 0.170 182 0.160 183 0.170 184 0.170 185 0.170 1860.170 187 0.160 188 0.170 189 0.170 190 0.170 191 0.180 192 0.180 1930.160 194 0.160 195 0.160 196 0.160 197 0.160 198 0.140 199 0.160 2000.170-6:02 pm 11:00 pm- 201 0.170 202 0.180 11:02 pm- 203 0.170 6:51 am-204 0.180 21 July 205 0.170 2004 206 0.170 207 0.180 208 0.170 209 0.180210 0.180 211 0.180 212 0.180 213 0.180 214 0.180 215 1x 0.150 216 0.180217 0.170 218 0.180 219 0.190 220 0.180 221 0.180 222 0.180 223 0.180224 0.180 225 0.180 226 0.180 227 0.180 228 0.180 229 0.180 7:10 am- 2300.180 7:20 am- 231 0.190 air 232 0.170 27.5 C. 233 0.170 234 0.160 2350.170 236 0.180 237 0.170 238 0.170 239 0.180 240 0.180 NOTE: prototypeR29 is not used between 21 July 2004, 10:30 pm to 24 July 2004, 8:40 am;and cap (45) and seal (44) is on neck (43) during this period of rest;TOTAL hours at rest between trial 600 to trial 601: 58 hours. 21 July2004 (21.07.04) 241 0.180 242 0.180-7:28 am 243 0.160 244 0.170 2450.180 246 0.180 247 0.180 248 0.180 249 0.160 250 0.160-7:33 am 2510.170-9:28 am 252 0.180 air 253 1x 0.170 27.8 C. 254 0.150 255 0.180 2560.170 257 0.170 258 0.180 259 0.170 260 0.170 261 0.170 262 0.170-9:36am 263 0.190-9:39 am 264 1x 0.180 265 0.160 266 0.190 267 0.180 2680.170 269 0.180 270 0.170 271 0.180-9:46 am 272 0.180-9:49 am 273 0.180274 0.170 275 0.180 276 0.180 277 0.150 278 0.180 279 0.180 280 0.180281 0.180 282 0.180 283 0.170-9:56 am 284 0.180 285 0.160 286 0.170 2870.170 288 2x 0.170 289 2x 0.160 290 0.180-10:02 am 291 0.190 292 0.180293 0.180 294 0.180 295 0.180 296 0.180 297 0.170 298 1x 0.170 299 0.190300 0.180-10:10 am 301 0.190-4:35 pm 302 0.180 303 0.180 304 0.190 3050.160 306 0.180 307 0.180 308 0.170 309 0.170 310 0.170 311 0.180 3120.170 313 0.170 314 0.180 315 0.170 316 1x 0.160 317 0.180 318 0.180 3190.160 4:49 pm- 320 0.180 321 0.180 322 0.180 323 0.180 324 0.160 3250.170 326 0.160 327 0.160 328 0.180 329 0.170 330 0.180 331 1x 0.180 3320.180 4:58 pm- 333 0.180 334 0.180 335 0.170 336 0.180 337 0.150 3380.180 339 0.160 340 1x 0.160 341 0.150 342 0.180 343 0.170 344 0.170 3451x 0.170 346 0.180 347 0.180 348 0.170 349 0.180 5:11 pm- 350 1x 0.180351 0.180 352 0.170 353 0.150 354 0.160 355 0.180 356 0.180 21 July 3570.160 air 358 0.190 30.0 C. 359 0.160 5:17 pm- 360 0.160 NOTE: prototypeR29 is not used between 24 July 2004, 8:40 am to 24 July 2004, 10:22 pm;and cap (45) and seal (44) is on neck (43) during this period of rest;TOTAL hours at rest between trial 601 to trial 602: 14 hours. Further,prototype R29 is allowed to rest for periods of between 5 to 10 hours,without cap (45); and dispenses a pbod on the first subsequent trial.361 0.180-5:33 pm 362 0.180 air 363 0.190 27.7 C. 364 0.180 365 0.160366 0.180 367 1x 0.160 368 0.180 369 0.190 370 0.190 371 0.180 372 0.190373 0.170 374 0.150 375 0.170 376 0.170 377 2x 0.180 378 0.170 air 3790.180 28.0 C. 380 0.180-5:46 pm 381 1x 0.200 382 0.180 383 0.180 3840.180 385 0.180 386 0.180 387 0.180 388 0.180 389 1x 0.190 3900.190-5:52 pm 391 0.160 392 0.180 393 0.160 394 0.190 395 0.160 3960.170 397 0.180 398 0.180 air 399 0.170 29.1 C. 400 0.180-5:58 pm 4010.180-6:37 pm 402 0.180 403 0.190 404 0.180 405 0.180 406 0.180 4070.180 408 0.170 409 0.190 410 0.170 411 0.190 412 0.180 413 0.180 4140.160 415 1x 0.170 416 0.180 417 0.170 418 2x 0.160 419 0.180 4200.180-6:49 pm 421 0.190 air 422 0.170 27.5 C. 423 0.170 424 0.170 4250.160 426 0.170 427 0.170 428 0.160 429 0.140 430 0.170-6:57 pm 4310.180-6:59 pm 432 0.180 433 0.170 434 0.150 435 0.150 436 0.160 4370.170 438 1x 0.140 439 1x 0.170 440 0.170 441 0.160 442 0.150 443 0.170444 0.160 445 0.170 446 0.150 447 0.180 448 0.170 449 0.170 4500.150-7:11 pm 451 0.160 452 0.160 453 0.160 454 0.180 455 0.170 4560.160 457 0.180 458 0.170 459 0.160 7:19 pm- 460 0.160 461 0.180 4620.170 463 0.150 464 0.160 465 0.160 466 0.160 467 0.180 468 0.160 4690.160 470-7:25 0.160 471 pm 0.160 472 0.160 473 0.150 474 1x 0.170 4750.160 476 0.170 477 0.160 478 0.150 479 1x 0.170 480 0.170 481 0.160 4820.150 483 0.150 484 0.150 7:34 pm- 485 0.160 486 0.150 487 0.150 4880.160 489 0.180 490 1x 0.160 491 0.160 492 0.150 493 0.160 494 0.160 4950.160 496 0.160 497 0.150 498 0.170 499 0.140 7:45 pm- 500 0.170 9:11pm- 501 0.160 air 502 0.160 28.5 C. 503 0.150 504 0.150 505 0.150 5060.170 507 0.160 508 0.170 509 0.150 510 0.150 511 1x 0.150 512 0.160 5130.150 514 0.150 515 0.170 516 1x 0.130 517 1x 0.160 518 2x 0.150 5190.140 520 0.140-air 521 0.170 28.8 C. 522 0.160 523 0.150 524 0.170 5250.140 526 0.170 527 1x 0.170 528 0.180 529 0.170 530 0.170 5310.160-9:31 pm 532 0.180 533 1x 0.160 534 0.160 535 0.160 536 0.170 5370.170 538 1x 0.150 539 2x 0.170 540 0.160 541 0.180 542 1x 0.120 543 1x0.170 544 0.160 545 0.160 546 0.150 547 0.170 548 0.160 549 0.160 9:43pm- 550 0.170 551 0.160 552 0.170 553 0.160 554 0.160 555 0.170 5560.160 557 0.170 558 0.150 559 0.160 560-9:50 0.170 561 pm 0.160 5620.150 563 0.170 564 1x 0.160 565 0.160 566 0.170 567 0.170 568 0.170 5690.160 9:58 pm- 570 0.160 571 0.170 572 0.160 573 0.140 574 0.150 10:03pm- 575 0.160 576 0.160 577 0.170 578 0.180 579 0.150 580 0.160 10:18pm- 581 0.180 582 0.180 583 0.160 584 0.170 585 0.180 586 0.160 5870.190 588 0.160 589 0.180 10:23 pm- 590 0.180 10:25 pm- 591 0.190 5920.170 593 0.160 594 0.180 595 1x 0.150 596 1x 0.160 air 597 0.160 28.0C. 598 1x 0.170 21 July 599 0.170 10:30 pm- 600 1x 0.170 8:40 am- 6010.180 24 July 10:22 pm- 602 0.180 24 July 603 0.170 air 604 0.150 29.0C. 605 0.160 606 0.160 607 0.150 608 0.160 10:27 pm- 609 0.170 10:29 pm-610 0.170 11:26 pm- 611 0.160 air 612 1x 0.170 28.7 C. 613 0.170 6140.150 615 0.130 616 0.160 617 1x 0.160 618 0.170 619 0.160 11:33 pm- 6200.160 24 July NOTE: explanation of table data: The entry indicated belowmeans: the air temperature is 28.0 C. at 10:30 pm on 21 July 2004; andtrial No. 600 is executed at 10:30 pm on 21 July 2004; and the diameterof liquid on test paper is 0.170 inches; and there is one overspray drop(or hollow body), which is 0.008 inches diameter. air 28.0 C. 21 July10:30 pm-600 1x 0.170 R29 L Experiment X prototype R29 Liquid (50) =REFRESH LIQUIGEL (lot No. 30469) Trials Nos. 621 to 670 dispense pbodshaving a dia. Between 0.150 to 0.180; and four occurrence of overspray.Trial O D 671 0.200-11:33 am 672 0.180 air 673 0.180 27.0 C. 674 0.170675 0.180 676 0.160 677 0.180 678 0.150 679 0.170 680 0.160-11:38 am 15Aug 2004 SUMMARY OF TABLE X R29 L DATA D = measured diameter of liquidon test paper, in inches; O = overspray; 1x = one drop; 2x = 2 drops,etc.; no entry = no overspray TOTAL TRIALS: 620 TOTAL CONSECUTIVESUCCESSFUL TRIALS: 620 maximum dia./v = 0.200/8 ul minimum dia./v =0.120/4.5 ul standard deviation (volume): 0.5 average diameter on testpaper: 0.169 average volume: 6.5 ul volume/quantity of occurrence 8.0 ul= 1 7.5 ul = 27 7.0 ul = 196 6.5 ul = 191 6.0 ul = 140 5.6 ul = 54 5.3ul = 8 5.0 ul = 2 4.5 ul = 1 Total trials = 620 total trials withoverspray: 48 NOTE: these volumetric quantities are estimates based onexperimental data. NOTE: CONSECUTIVE meaning: there are no attempts todispense a pbod during the above-noted periods of rest between trials.IMPORTANT NOTE: ten occurrence of overspray is observed to be a hollowbody (i.e. one ball of liquid encloses one ball of air). All occurrenceof overspray is measured to be approximately 0.008 inches diameter. Inlight of the results of Experiment Q, it is contemplated that a possiblesource of the overspray is residual liquid is ejected immediately afterthe pbod is ejected.

AVERAGE TIME DISTRIBUTION IN EXPERIMENT X The following indicates theapproximate average time Inventor utilized to execute the respectivesteps of Experiment X: Begin, pick up bottle; and rotate bottle such 4 sthat outlet (25) is observable: Begin, to collapse bottle; 7 to 10 s andliquid reaches near outlet (25): begin, release collapsing force; 4 to 5s and axis of tube (27) is vertical: begin, place bottle at restposition; 10 to 12 s and pick up scale and magnifying glass; and measurediameter of liquid: begin place scale and magnifying glass on table; 10to 12 s writing results in laboratory notebook with ink pen; writingtrial No. on test paper and notebook: AVERAGE TOTAL TIME PER TRIAL: 45seconds

TABLE U R29 L Experiment U 20 Jul. 2004 (20.07.04) Liquid (50): REFRESHLIQUIGEL prototype R29 Person No. 1: age at time of trial: 74 yearsgeneral health:  4 eye glasses: yes bi-focal RESULTS person No. 1: trialNo. 1: successfully dispensed pbod having 0.180 in. dia. on test paper.This person requires relatively more detailed instructions. i.e. thisperson has difficulty understanding instructions. This person made thefollowing comment: I believe I am capable to utilize prototype R29 toinstill a pbod on my eye. Person No. 2: age at time of trial: 11 yearsgeneral health: 10 eye glasses: no RESULTS person No. 2: trial No. 1:0.170 in. trial No. 2: 0.180 in. trial No. 3: 0.180 in. person No. 3:age at time of trial: 60 years general health:  8 eye glasses: yestri-focals RESULTS person No. 3: trial No.  1 0.190  2 0.100  3 0.200  40.200  5 0.210  6 0.200  7 0.200  8 0.200  9 0.200 10 0.200 11 0.230

TABLE Q R11 L 13 FEB. 2004 (Feb. 02, 2004) EXPERIMENT Q PROTOTYPE R11Liquid (50) = REFRESH LIQUIGEL (ALLERGAN) = 7 ul UPC: 300239205307 TrialNos. 1 to 10 successfully dispense a pbod, each having an estimateddiameter of 3.0 mm; and no overspray occurs.

Trial No. D (mm) Trial No. D (mm) Trial No. D (mm) 40 3.0-air 96 3.0 1523.0 41 3.0 26.7° C. 97 3.0 153 3.0 42 3.0 98 3.0 154 3.0 43 3.0-9:30 pm99 3.0 155 3.0 44 3.0 13 FEB 6:06 pm-100 3.0 156 3.0 45 3.0 2004 1013.0-9:54 am 157 3.0 46 3.0 102 3.0 16 FEB 158 3.0 47 3.0 103 3.0 2004159 3.0 48 3.0 104 3.0 160 3.0 49 3.0 105 3.0 161 3.0 50 3.0 106 3.0 1623.0 51 3.0 107 3.0 163 3.0 52 3.0-11:44 am 108 3.0 164 3.0 53 3.0 14 FEB109 3.0 165 3.0 54 3.0 2004 110 3.0 166 3.0 55 3.0 111 3.0 167 3.0 563.0 112 3.0 168 3.0 57 3.0 113 3.0 169 3.0 58 3.0 114 3.0 11:05 am-1703.0 59 3.0 115 3.0 171 3.0 60 3.0 116 3.0 172 3.0 61 3.0 117 3.0 173 3.062 3.0 118 3.0 174 3.0 63 3.0 119 3.0 175 3.0 64 3.0 120 3.0 176 3.0 653.0 121 3.0 177 3.0 66 3.0-12:13 pm 122 3.0 178 3.0 67 3.0 123 3.0 1793.0 68 3.0 124 3.0 180 3.0 69 3.0 125 3.0 181 3.0 70 3.0 126 3.0 182 3.071 3.0 127 3.0 183 3.0 72 3.0 128 3.0 184 3.0 73 3.0 129 3.0 185 3.0 743.0 130 3.0 186 3.0 75 3.0 131 3.0 187 3.0 76 3.0 air 132 3.0 188 3.0 773.0 24.5° C. 10:16 am-133 3.0 189 3.0 78 3.0 15 FEB 134 3.0 190 3.0 793.0 2004 135 3.0 191 3.0 80 3.0-5:37 pm 136 3.0 192 3.0 81 3.0 137 3.0193 3.0 82 3.0 138 3.0 194 3.0 83 3.0 139 3.0 195 3.0 84 3.0 140 3.0 1963.0 85 3.0 141 3.0 197 3.0 86 3.0 142 3.0 198 3.0 87 3.0 143 3.0 199 3.088 3.0 144 3.0 200 3.0 89 3.0 145 3.0 201 3.0 90 3.0 146 3.0 203 3.0 913.0 147 3.0 11:26 am-204 3.0 92 3.0 148 3.0 93 3.0 149 3.0 94 3.0 1503.0 95 3.0 151 3.0EXPLANATION OF TABLE Q R11 L DATAQuantity of liquid (50) injected into tube (301) is 7 ul;D = estimated diameter of discrete pbod in millimeters (mm);v = volume of residue in tube (302) in microliters.NOTE:overspray does NOT occur for any trials in Experiment Q, therefore, thisitem is omitted in the following tables.NOTE:trials Nos. 12 to 39 indicate the location and length of the residualliquid in tube (302). Dash (-) = air; “x” = liquid. The table contains aseries of dashes (-) and “x” There is a total of thirty characters foreach line (i.e. trial No. 13 contains 28 dashes and 2 “x”). Eachcharacter represents 1 mm length of tube (302). Tube (302) is 30 mmlength, therefore 30 characters per line. Therefore, each characterrepresents the# respective location (i.e. in trial 13, the residual liquid in tube(302) is 2 mm length; and located at the upper end of tube (302); andair occupies the lower 28 mm length ). “v” equals the calculated volumeof the residual liquid (tube 302). In trial No. 22, “l” equals 0.5 mmlength.

TABLE U R29 L Experiment U 15 Aug. 2004 (15.08.04) Prototype R29 Liquid(50) = REFRESH LIQUIGEL (lot No. 30469) (ALLERGAN, INC.) trial PersonNo. 1: No. results same person 1 steps executed incorrectly/no liquid of20 Jul. ejected 2004 2 pbod/0.170 in. dia./no overspray 3 steps executedincorrectly/pendant drop 4 steps executed incorrectly/no liquid ejected11:04- 5 steps executed incorrectly/pendant drop am 6 pbod/0.180 in.dia./no oversprayNOTE:this is the same person No. 1 (age 74), which executed Experiment U on20 Jul. 2004; the general health of this person is now rated at 3; on 15August, this person has a broken left wrist, which was broken about 30Jul. 2004; wearing a cast; having moderate continuous pain; using EXTRASTRENGTH TYLENOL for pain; reluctant to execute experiment; requiredcomplete instructions of the experimental steps; is unable to rememberthe appropriate experimental# steps; used right hand to execute experiment.

TABLE X R29 L Experiment X Liquid (50) = REFRESH LIQUIGEL (lot No.30469) prototype R29 Trials Nos. 621 to 670 dispense pbods having a dia.Between 0.150 to 0.180; and four occurrence of overspray. Trial 0 D 6710.200-11:33 am 672 0.180 air 673 0.180 27.0 C 674 0.170 675 0.180 6760.160 677 0.180 678 0.150 679 0.170 680 0.160-11:38 am 15 Aug. 2004

The above tables of empirical data are labeled according to theexperiment, the prototype utilized in the experiment, and the liquid(50) utilized in the experiment. For example, TABLE X R29 L isExperiment X, prototype R29, and liquid (50) is REFRESH LIQUIGEL.

Gas (60) is air for all trials in all experiments. The present Inventorexecutes all trials in all experiments, except as noted in Experiment U.

EXPERIMENT V RESULTS: prototype R29; liquid (50)=REFRESH LIQUIGEL;vertical orientation (opposite direction of a gravity vector): Trial No.1 dispenses a pbod having a narrow parabolic path, where the height isabout 5 cm, and the horizontal distance is about 1 cm. Trials No. 2 to 5are not successful. Trials Nos. 6 and 7 dispense a pbod (similar path totrial No. 1). Trial Nos. 8 to 10 are not successful. Trial No. 11dispenses a pbod (similar path to trial No. 1); and each pbod containsapproximately 3 ul of liquid (50). Dose (77) is about 3 ul; and dose(10) is about 0.7 ul; and each pbod contains approximately three bubbles(75).

EXPERIMENT H RESULTS: prototype R29; liquid (50)=REFRESH LIQUIGEL:horizontal orientation: Trial No. 1 dispenses a pbod a horizontaldistance of about 7 cm; Trials Nos. 2 to 4 are not successful. TrialsNos. 5 and 6 dispense a pbod a horizontal distance of about 4 cm. TrialsNos. 7 to 10 are not successful. And each pbod contains approximately 3ul of liquid (50). Dose (77) is about 3 ul; and dose (10) is about 0.7ul; and each pbod contains approximately three bubbles (75).

EXPERIMENT L RESULTS: prototype R29; liquid (50)=REFRESH LIQUIGEL: 45degree orientation: Trial No. 1 is not successful. Trial No. 2 and 3dispenses a pbod having a parabolic path. Trial Nos. 4 to 7 are notsuccessful. Trial Nos. 8 and 9 dispense a pbod having a parabolic path;and each pbod contains approximately 3 ul of liquid (50). Dose (77) isabout 3 ul; and dose (10) is about 0.7 ul; and each pbod containsapproximately three bubbles (75).

The following is a summary of the events, which occur in Experiment X.Including, first the bottle (40) is in a position similar as shown inFIG. 1, and dispensing tip (100A) does not have cap (45); and cap (42)and seal (41) form a leak-tight seal; second, bottle (40) is rotated toa position shown in FIG. 5 such that structure (22) is immersed inliquid (50); and third, liquid (50) flows from left to right in FIG. 5;and fourth, liquid (50) stops flowing upon reaching outlet (25) as shownin FIG. 5 (i.e. FIG. 5 depicts both a dynamic state and a static state);fifth, liquid (50) flows from right to left in FIG. 5; and sixth, liquid(50) stops flowing upon reaching opening (35) as shown in FIG. 6 (i.e.the lower end of dose (77) is at opening (35) in FIG. 6), and the upperportion of tip (100A) contains a dose (77) of liquid (50), and a portionof this dose (77) is disposed between structure (22); seventh, a motivegas (65) imposes this dose (77) to flow from top to bottom in FIG. 7 asshown by the vertical arrow; eighth, motive gas (65) forms a dose (10)of gas (60), and dose (77) encloses this dose (10), and dose (10) hasthe form of a plurality of bubbles (75), and this dose (10) is thecomplete dose of gas in pbod (70). FIG. 7 does not show the inherentphenomenon, which causes dose (10) to be formed.

The following is a summary of the events, which occur in Experiment V.Including, first, structure (22) is surrounded by air; and second,structure (22) is immersed in liquid (50) for a period of approximately2 to 3 seconds; and third, a dose of liquid (50) inherently flowsbetween the two flat walls of structure (22) (i.e. capilary); andfourth, the bottle is rotated such that structure (22) is surrounded bygas (60); and fifth, a motive gas (65) forms a dose (10)of gas (60), andthis dose (10) has the form of a plurality of bubbles (75), and thisdose (10) is the complete dose of gas in one pbod (70).

The events in Experiment H, and Experiment L are similar to theabove-described events of Experiment V.

EXPERIMENT E RESULTS: prototype R22; liquid (207) is REFRESH LIQUIGEL(ALLERGAN, INC.): Experiment E forms a succession of identical bubbles(204). For a collapsing speed of about 0.1 cm per second, the diameterof the bubbles is approximately 0.03 cm, and spaced about 0.09 cmequally distant; and this trial contains about 30 bubbles. Severaladditional consecutive trials are executed having identical results tothe above-described results of Experiment E.

(Experiment E results) For a collapsing speed of about 0.4 cm persecond, the bubbles are about 0.007 cm diameter, and spaced about 0.04cm equally distant, and this trial contains about 70 bubbles (seventy).Several additional consecutive trials are executed having identicalresults to the above-describes results.

To summarize the events in Experiment E, including, first, bottle (200)contains air (212); and second, about sixty microliters of liquid (207)is disposed in tip (201) such that the upper surface (211) is about 0.2cm above opening (35); and third, tip (201) is place on bottle (200);and fourth, a pressure drop over opening (35) imposes liquid (207) toflow down into tube (202); and fifth, upon near depletion of liquid intip (201), a succession of identical bubbles (204) is formed in theupper portion of tube (202); liquid (207) encloses bubbles (204).

EXPERIMENT E RESULTS: Variations of prototype R22 have disensed pbods.For example, where the length of tube (202) is 1 cm or 0.5 cm; and thepbod contains about 7 ul liquid (207).

Manufactures

A & D ENGINEERING, Milpitas, Calif. 95035, U.S.

ALLERGAN, INC., Irvine, Calif. 92612, U.S.

BECTON DICKINSON, Franklin Lakes, N.J. 07417, U.S.

BOTTLING GROUP, LLC, Riverside, Calif. 92606, U.S.

JB WELD COMPANY, Sulphur Springs, Tex. 75483, U.S.

L.S. STARRETT, Athol, Mass., U.S.

PFIZER INC CONSUMER HEALTHCARE, Morris Plains, N.J., 07950, U.S.

SPECTRUM CHROMOTOGRAPHY, Houston, Tex. 77073, U.S.

SPERLE SCALES, INC, Santa Fe Springs, Calif. 90670 U.S.

STANLEY TOOLS, New Britain, Conn. 06053, U.S.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The present disclosure includes several pioneering discoveries.Including, a complete dose of gas formed essentially by a motive gas;and a pbod formed utilizing inherent residual liquid in a dischargetube; and a pbod ejected from any indiscriminate selected initialvelocity; and a succession of identical bubbles capable of forming thecomplete dose of gas in one pbod.

The best mode for carrying out these present discoveries is set forth inthe present respective experiments and prototypes. The best mode to forma complete dose of gas is imposing an appropriate motive gas to flowthrough an appropriate flow channel. Where this motive gas imposes adose of liquid to flow through the flow channel; and the motive gasforms the complete dose of gas.

Alternate Embodiments

There are many variations of dispensing tip (100A), which are capable ofdispensing a pbod. Several of these embodiments are set forth inCoffelt, Jr. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/827,901 filed 19 Apr.2004 (19.04.04). For example, structure (22) may have an arch shape. Theprototypes in Ser. No. 10/827,901 dispense pbods, and it is contemplatedthat these alternate embodiments will have successful results inconjuntction with Experiment X. Experiment X and the prototypes of Ser.No. 10/827,901 should have similar results to the above results. Theprototypes in Ser. No. 10/827,901 have dispensed 3 ul pbods havinginitial velocities of 135 degrees, 45 degrees, including otherorientations.

There are clearly many well known methods to verify the location of dose(77) in FIG. 6. And also, many well known methods to verify the quantityof dose (77).

For example, the dispensing tip can be integrally formed with a lens.Therefore, allowing dose (77) to be observed in FIG. 6. This observationof dose (77) can be enhanced by utilizing a dose verification system.This dose verification system is summarized as a tube having thecharacteristic of two distinct different translucencies. The tubecontaining no liquid will have a first translucency [a]; and the tubecontaining a liquid will have a second translucency [b]. This change intranslucency can be attained by the tube having a smooth outer surface;and a rough inner surface. Observing the tube without liquid produces anapproximate translucent image; and observing the tube with liquidproduces a transparent image. This change in translucency can beenhanced by having a black surface on the far side semi-annular surfaceof the tube. For this example, a dry tube appears to be light graycolor; and the tube having liquid appears to be black color. Therefore,this distinct change in color confirms that the liquid is present in thetube.

The present figures of the drawing show the tubes having a straightaxis. The tubes utilized in the present prototypes have an arcuateshaped axis. This inherent arcuate shape is a result of the method ofstorage of the tube. i.e. bulk storage on a roll. The radius of this arcis estimated to be about 13 cm. NOTE: The initial velocity of the pbodin Experiment X is approximately parallel to a gravity vector. Initialvelocity meaning the speed and direction immediately below outlet (25).

Alternate liquids are capable to form a pbod. Including, water, i.e.AQUAFINA DRINKING WATER, (Bottling Group, LLC), TIMOLOL 0.5% or 0.3%,VISINE, CLEAR EYES.

FIG. 6 depicts a particular dispensing position. And in light of theresults of Experiments V, H, and L, there are clearly many alternateorientations of the dispenser, which will dispense a pbod. For example,For a 3 ul pbod, FIG. 6 can be rotated by any desired angle, and thisrotated-view of FIG. 6 depicts a dispensing position.

Experiments show that the most likely source of the overspray inExperiment X is residual liquid ejected immediately after the pbod isejected. In light of the results of Experiment Q, it is contemplatedthat variations of prototype R29 will have no overspray. Also,variations of the viscosity of the liquid may eliminate the overspray.

The present specification contains specific embodiments of apparatusutilized to form the present novel pbod systems, and these embodimentsare presented for example only. And there are many alternateconfigurations, which are capable of forming the present novel pbodsystems. Where these alternate configurations can be empericalydetermined. For example, alternate attachment means, which do not formchemical reactions with liquid (50); alternate shapes; alternatedimensions; alternate material i.e. glass; alternate liquid (50);alternate viscosities of liquid (50); alternate gas (60) i.e. Hydrogenor Helium, motor fuel i.e. commonly referred to as nitrous oxide;alternate doses of liquid (50) i.e. 1 ul, 2 ul, or 3 ul includingothers; alternate ranges of dose (77); alternate quantity of dose (10);alternate collapsing speeds; alternate collapsing distance of the bottlewalls; alternate rest positions i.e. a rest position where structure(22) is immersed in liquid (50); and alternate configurations of thebottle (40).

The present specification contains specific embodiments of the presentnovel pbod systems, and these specific embodiments are provided forexample only. Further, the present inventions are clearly pioneeringdiscoveries, and the present inventions are not limited to the specificembodiments set forth herein, and only such limitations should beimposed as are set forth in the appended claims.

1. (canceled)
 2. (canceled)
 3. A pbod system comprising: a complete doseof gas composed essentially by a motive gas; said dose of gas composinga plurality of balls; said dose of gas is the complete dose of gas inone pbod.
 4. A method of dispensing a liquid comprising the steps of: amotive gas ejecting only one ball of liquid, where the quantity of saidliquid is a dose; and said motive gas composing a complete dose of gas,where said complete dose of gas has the form of a plurality of balls;and said ball of liquid encloses said complete dose of gas.
 5. Themethod of dispensing a liquid according to claim 4 wherein, said ball ofliquid is ejected from an aperture; and said ball of liquid having adirection of motion, which is not in the direction of an Earth gravityvector; and said direction of motion exists on an interval between aninstant after said ejection and an instant prior to said ball of liquidcontacts a target.
 6. An on demand method of dispensing 4 to 8 microliters of liquid comprising the steps of: ejecting 4 to 8 micro litersof liquid on each selected instant, wherein said ejected liquid has theform of only one unitary body.
 7. The on demand method of dispensing 4to 8 micro liters of liquid according to claim 6 further including, amotive gas ejecting said liquid; and said motive gas composing acomplete dose of gas; and said complete dose of gas having the form of aplurality of balls; and said ejected liquid encloses said complete doseof gas.